The relative magnitude and duration of infection- and vaccine-derived protection, alone and together, can guide public health planning and epidemic forecasting. deaths from COVID-19, had occurred in California and New York.* COVID-19 vaccination protects against infection with SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19), associated severe illness, and death ( 1, 2) among those who survive, previous SARS-CoV-2 infection also confers protection against severe outcomes in the event of reinfection ( 3, 4). Additional future recommendations for vaccine doses might be warranted as the virus and immunity levels change.īy November 30, 2021, approximately 130,781 COVID-19–associated deaths, one in six of all U.S. Primary vaccination, additional doses, and booster doses are recommended for all eligible persons. What are the implications for public health practice?Īlthough the epidemiology of COVID-19 might change as new variants emerge, vaccination remains the safest strategy for averting future SARS-CoV-2 infections, hospitalizations, long-term sequelae, and death. By early October, persons who survived a previous infection had lower case rates than persons who were vaccinated alone. Before Delta became the predominant variant in June, case rates were higher among persons who survived a previous infection than persons who were vaccinated alone. Data are limited regarding the risks for SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization after COVID-19 vaccination and previous infection.ĭuring May–November 2021, case and hospitalization rates were highest among persons who were unvaccinated without a previous diagnosis.
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